Inhibition Effect of Eriodictyol to Growth of DG-75 Cells and the Related Action Mechanism / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of Eriodictyol to the growth, apoptosis and oxidative stress of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cells and phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) in children.@*METHODS@#The effects of Eriodictyol (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 μmol/L) to viability of BL cell line DG-75 cells were detected by CCK-8. The effects of Eriodictyol (0, 10, 20, 40 μmol/L) to the proliferation activity of DG-75, apoptosis rate, levels of apoptosis-related proteins, oxidative stress indexes ［superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA)］, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and phosphorylation level of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycinm (mTOR) were detected by clony formation assay and Wester blot.@*RESULTS@#When the treatment concentration of Eriodictyol was 20 μmol/L, the proliferation activity of the cells was decreased (P<0.05). The concentrations at 10, 20, 40 μmol/L were selected for subsequent experiments. Compared with 0 μmol/L Eriodictyol, the proliferation activity of DG-75, SOD activity, MMP, phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR in 20 and 40 μmol/L Eriodictyol treatment groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while cells apoptosis rate, Cleaved-Caspase-3/Caspase-3, Bax/Bcl-2 and MDA level were significantly increased (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Eriodictyol may promote the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway by inhibiting the abnormal activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR to reduce the proliferation activity of DG-75, and inhibit oxidative stress response to increase the apoptosis rate and play anti-tumor roles.

Clinical features and etiology of abdominal distension in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical features and etiology of abdominal distension in children with different ages.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 1 561 children who were admitted due to abdominal distension from January 2013 to October 2016, including clinical manifestations, radiological examination, pathological results, and disease diagnosis.@*RESULTS@#Among the 1 561 children, there were 823 neonates (aged <28 days), 307 infants (aged 28 days to 1 year), 186 toddlers (aged 1-3 years), 120 preschool children (aged 3-6 years), 106 school-aged children (aged 6-12 years), and 19 adolescents (aged 12-17 years). Vomiting was the major associated symptom in neonates, infants, toddlers, and school-aged children, abdominal pain was the major associated symptom in pre-school children, and vomiting and abdominal pain were the major associated symptoms in adolescents. Hypoactive bowel sound was the major accompanying sign in neonates and infants, and abdominal tenderness was the major accompanying sign in the other four age groups. Plain abdominal radiograph showed intestinal inflation in neonates and intestinal inflation with an air-fluid level in the other five age groups. Histopathological examination was performed for 339 children and the pathological results of intestinal tissue showed small, few, or poorly developed submucosal ganglion cells in neonates, intestinal inflammation/bleeding/necrosis in infants, and appendicitis in the other age groups. Necrotizing enterocolitis was the main cause of abdominal distension in neonates (34.4%), and intestinal obstruction was the main cause in infants (36.8%), toddlers (52.2%), pre-school children (51.7%), school-aged children (62.3%), and adolescents (52.6%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Vomiting is a common symptom in children with abdominal distension in all age groups. Neonates and infants with abdominal distension often present with hypoactive bowel sounds, and children over 1 year old mainly suffer from abdominal tenderness. Necrotizing enterocolitis is the most common cause of neonatal abdominal distension, and abdominal distension in the other age groups is mainly attributed to intestinal obstruction.